আদমজী ক্যান্টনমেন্ট কলেজ, ঢাকা ২০২৬

এইচএসসি · ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

আদমজী ক্যান্টনমেন্ট কলেজ, ঢাকা ২০২৬

১২টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। নিচে কয়েকটি নমুনা দেখো; সব প্রশ্ন, উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা পেতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।

The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle said, 'Man is by nature a social animal.' What he meant was that man, by instinct, seeks the company of others and establishes relationships, much like most animals of the wild, for companionship and for physical and emotional support. Unlike animals, however, man's relationships give meaning to his existence and inspire him to do well in education, in the workplace, or in a profession that he pursues.

Relationships are of different kinds. Some are familial and intimate, formed by blood and by marriage; some are social like the ones we have with friends and some are made in school where we form close bonds with classmates and teachers. Relationships can also be fostered in the workplace, which may quickly change from professional to social. There are relationships also between human beings and animals, between children and their toys that they cannot part with. All these relationships keep us close to each other and provide us with all kinds of support, love, and affection. A person who has no family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation. There is no one to laugh or cry with him/her. When we share our joy with someone, it simply redoubles, and when we suffer a loss and someone shares our sorrow, it lessens. Relationships are thus needed for our emotional health.

To build relationships, we need to have trust and respect for each other, and love where this is needed. We cannot be selfish and possessive if we want to establish an effective relationship. But quite often we see people quarreling and fighting with each other which only brings misery and loss to all.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) The word 'instinct' in the passage most nearly means —.
(i) acquired habit (ii) natural tendency (iii) social training (iv) moral discipline

(b) The phrase "give meaning to his existence" suggests that relationships —.
(i) control human freedom (ii) make life purposeful (iii) ensure physical survival only (iv) reduce individual effort.

(c) Which relationship is described as initially formal but capable of becoming personal?
(i) familial relationship (ii) relationship with animals (iii) workplace relationship (iv) relationship with toys

(d) The expression "redoubles joy" implies that happiness —.
(i) disappears with sharing (ii) increases when shared (iii) becomes temporary (iv) depends on material gain

(e) According to the passage, an effective relationship cannot be built without —.
(i) authority and control (ii) wealth and power (iii) trust and respect (iv) similarity of opinion

উত্তর

(a) (ii) natural tendency

(b) (ii) make life purposeful

(c) (iii) workplace relationship

(d) (ii) increases when shared

(e) (iii) trust and respect

The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle said, 'Man is by nature a social animal.' What he meant was that man, by instinct, seeks the company of others and establishes relationships, much like most animals of the wild, for companionship and for physical and emotional support. Unlike animals, however, man's relationships give meaning to his existence and inspire him to do well in education, in the workplace, or in a profession that he pursues.

Relationships are of different kinds. Some are familial and intimate, formed by blood and by marriage; some are social like the ones we have with friends and some are made in school where we form close bonds with classmates and teachers. Relationships can also be fostered in the workplace, which may quickly change from professional to social. There are relationships also between human beings and animals, between children and their toys that they cannot part with. All these relationships keep us close to each other and provide us with all kinds of support, love, and affection. A person who has no family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation. There is no one to laugh or cry with him/her. When we share our joy with someone, it simply redoubles, and when we suffer a loss and someone shares our sorrow, it lessens. Relationships are thus needed for our emotional health.

To build relationships, we need to have trust and respect for each other, and love where this is needed. We cannot be selfish and possessive if we want to establish an effective relationship. But quite often we see people quarreling and fighting with each other which only brings misery and loss to all.

২. Answer the following questions.
(a) Why does Aristotle call man a "social animal"? How does this idea show the importance of relationships in human life?
(b) How do relationships encourage people to do better in education, work, or profession according to the passage?
(c) How does sharing happiness and sorrow affect a person's emotional health?
(d) What does the variety of relationships mentioned in the passage reveal about human emotional needs?
(e) What problems arise in relationships when trust and respect are absent?
উত্তর

(a) Aristotle calls man a social animal because man, naturally, being unable to live alone, seeks the company of others and develops relationships. And man, by nature, as a social animal, mixes with others and establishes relationship for companionship and physical and emotional support. Thus, the importance of relationship in human life is great.

(b) According to the passage, relationships provide the emotional support and meaning necessary to inspire people to excel in their academic and professional life. By preventing loneliness and sharing life's burden, these bonds create a stable foundation that motivates individuals to pursue their goals with greater purpose.

(c) Sharing happiness and sorrow affects a person's emotional health greatly. When a person shares his/her joy with someone it redoubles and when s/he shares his/her sorrow, it lessens. Thus sharing joy and sorrow helps a person to remain emotionally balanced or healthy.

(d) The variety of relationships mentioned in the passage reveals that humans naturally need company, love and affection. Without getting these, they cannot remain emotionally balanced and healthy.

(e) Mutual trust and respect are the basis of true and meaningful relationships. So, in absence of
trust and respect, true and strong relationships cannot be established and maintained. Being
selfish and possessive, we can never get into an effective relationship.

He came every day and cut my wood and did small helpful favours and stayed to talk. The days had become cold, and often I let him come inside the cabin. He would lie on the floor in front of the fire, with one arm across the pointer, and they would both doze and wait quietly for me. Other days they ran with a common ecstasy through the laurel, and since the asters were now gone, he brought me back vermilion maple leaves, and chestnut boughs dripping with imperial yellow. I was ready to go. I said to him. "You have been my friend, Jerry. I shall often think of you and miss you. Pat will miss you too. I am leaving tomorrow." He did not answer...and I watched him go in silence up the hill. I expected him the next day, but he did not come.
৩.

Read the following text and make a flow chart showing Jerry's activities that prove his affection towards the authoress. (One is done for you)

Flow sequence: 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6.

Box Content
1 Cutting wood for the authoress every day
2 ______
3 ______
4 ______
5 ______
6 ______
উত্তর

Flow sequence: 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6.

Box Content
1 Cutting wood for the authoress every day
2 Doing some helpful favours
3 Staying back to talk to the authoress
4 Waiting quietly for the authoress
5 Running with common ecstasy with Pat
6 Bringing her vermilion maple leaves
Once upon a time, there lived a bird. It was unlettered. It sang but couldn't recite a word of scripture. It hopped and it flew but lacked all sense of manners. The King said, "Such a bird is of no use. Yet it devours fruit from the forest, bringing down the profits of fruiterers in the royal market." He summoned the Minister and commanded, "Educate the bird!"
The task of educating the bird fell on the King's nephews, his sisters' sons. The learned men of the court deliberated long. They pondered the reasons behind the ignorance of the creature in question. The conclusion: the bird's nest made of straw and twigs could not hold much knowledge. Therefore, the first thing needed was a proper cage. The royal scholars received handsome fees and happily went home.
A goldsmith set to work on a gilded cage. It turned out to be of such exquisite workmanship that people from far and near crowded round for a look. Some said, "This is education par excellence." Others said, "Even if it learns nothing, it has got the cage. What a lucky bird."
The goldsmith was delighted to get a bagful of money as reward and went home at once. A teacher
came to give lessons to the bird. He took a pinch of snuff and declared, "This isn't a matter of just a few texts." One of the royal nephews sent for scribes. They made multiple copies of various texts until there was a veritable mountain. "Bravo!" exclaimed those who saw it, "There is no room for any more knowledge." The scribes loaded their wages onto bullocks and merrily headed home. They would never again want for anything. The nephews were constantly busy looking after the expensive cage. Repairs were always under way. Anyone who saw the endless dusting, wiping and polishing had to agree that there was "marked improvement". A large maintenance crew was needed, and more personnel to supervise them. They all got handsome monthly salaries, which they saved in their wooden chests. Even their cousins came to live with them in cushioned comfort.
৪. Summarise the following text.
উত্তর
There lived a bird happily in a kingdom. The King took it for being illiterate, mannerless, and of
no use to society. The task to educate the bird was entrusted to the nephews of the king. The first reason for the bird's illiteracy was found by the royal scholars to be its 'nest of twigs and straws' which was apparently too small to hold much education. Thus, a golden cage was made for it. A teacher and scribes were called for, and heaps of manuscripts were copied for the bird's
education. All those employed for this process gradually grew richer, drawing fat salaries in the name of the bird's education.

আদমজী ক্যান্টনমেন্ট কলেজ, ঢাকা ২০২৬ আনলক করো

এই টেস্ট পেপারটি প্রিমিয়াম প্যাকেজের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সব বহুনির্বাচনি ও লিখিত প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।