When a girl gets married, she usually drops out of school and begins full-time work in her in-laws' household. In the in-laws' house, she is marginalized. She becomes vulnerable to all forms of abuse, including dowry-related violence. In Bangladesh, it is still common for a bride's family to pay dowry, despite the practice being illegal. Dowry demands can also continue after the wedding. For an adolescent bride, even if her in-laws are supportive, there are greater health risks in terms of pregnancy and child birth. The majority of adolescent brides and their families are uninformed or insufficiently informed about reproductive health and contraception. The maternal mortality rate for adolescents is double the national rate.When adolescent girls are pulled out of school, either for marriage or work, they often lose their mobility, their friends and social status. The lack of mobility among adolescent girls also curtails their economic and non-formal educational opportunities. Moreover, they lack information about health issues. According to a study, only about three in five adolescents have even heard of HIV. It is also reported that more than 50 percent of adolescent girls are undernourished and suffer from anaemia. Adolescent fertility is also high in Bangladesh. The contribution of the adolescent fertility rate to the total fertility rate increased from 20.3% in 1993 to 24.4% in 2007. Moreover, neonatal mortality is another concern for younger mothers.While the situation for adolescent boys is somewhat better, many are vulnerable and lack the power to make decisions about their own lives. Many boys who are unable to go to school, or are unemployed, remain unaware of social or health issues. They are at considerable risk of being drawn into criminal.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) What does the word ‘mobility’ in the passage refer to?
(i) motionlessness (ii) flexibility (iii) stillness (iv) immobility

(b) What is the common view of the girls when they get married?
(i) They get opportunity for higher education (ii) They usually drop out of school and begin full-time work in her in-laws’ household (iii) They usually help their parents (iv) They usually become the decision maker of her in-laws' house

(c) For an adolescent bride, even if her in-laws are supportive, there are greater risks in terms of......
(i) child bearing (ii) nursing of the elders in her in-laws’ house (iii) sending her child to school (iv) nurturing the child

(d) What does the word 'illegal’ in the passage refer to?
(i) lawful (ii) authorized (iii) unlawful (iv) legitimate

(e) What does the word ‘expose’ in the passage refer to?
(i) hide (ii) disclose (iii) refrain (iv) suppress

(f) What does the word 'pull out’ in the passage refer to?
(i) keep (ii) continue (iii) keep up (iv) quit

(g) The word ‘anaemia’ refers to -
(i) blood pressure (ii) blood sugar (iii) shortage of blood (iv) blood contamination

(h) The closest meaning of ‘study’ is -
(i) skipping (ii) omitting (iii) research (iv) learning

(i) What is the synonym of the word ‘unaware’ in the passage?
(i) conscious (ii) aware (iii) ignorant (iv) cognizant

(j) What does the word ‘majority’ in the passage refer to?
(i) minority (ii) marginal (iii) nominal (iv) greater part

উত্তর

(a) (ii) flexibility

(b) (ii) They usually drop out of school and begin full-time work in her in-laws’ household

(c) (i) child bearing

(d) (iii) unlawful

(e) (ii) disclose

(f) (iv) quit

(g) (iii) shortage of blood

(h) (iii) research

(i) (iii) ignorant

(j) (iv) greater part

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together". This is our hope. This is the faith that I will go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day........ And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. ----- Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!" (abridged)

২. Answer the following questions:
(a) What is the dream of Martin Luther King Jr. expressed in the first four lines of the text?
(b) 'One day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low.' Explain in your own words.
(c) "This is the faith that I will go back to the south with." What is the faith of Martin Luther King Jr.?
(d) What, according to Martin Luther King Jr., will be the use of this faith?

উত্তর

(a) He dreams of a just society in which people enjoy freedom and equality.

(b) The contrasting valleys and mountains symbolise inequalities and obstacles that must be removed so people can live together fairly.

(c) He believes that the struggle will lead to freedom and brotherhood despite present suffering.

(d) This faith will help people replace despair with hope and discord with brotherhood, and enable them to work, pray and struggle together for freedom.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together". This is our hope. This is the faith that I will go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day........ And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania. ----- Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring. And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, "Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!" (abridged)

৩. Write the synonyms or antonyms of the words as directed below.
(a) dream (synonym) (b) straight (synonym) (c) faith (antonym) (d) freedom (synonym) (e) happen (antonym) (f) mountain (synonym) (g) reveal (antonym) (h) discord (antonym) (i) mighty (antonym) (j) let (synonym)

উত্তর

(a) vision

(b) uncurved

(c) doubt

(d) liberty

(e) fail to occur

(f) peak

(g) conceal

(h) harmony

(i) weak

(j) allow

৪.

Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap.

Examination is very important in a student’s life. It justifies a student's (a) ______. No student can be (b) ______ to next class without examination. So, every student (c) ______ hard to pass the examination. There are many ways to do (d) ______ in the examination and meritorious students follow these ways. Gathering (e) ______ is not all things to approach the examination. One may gather much (f) ______ about his subject, but if he cannot (g) ______ his performance in the examination, his such kind of knowledge is (h) ______.

উত্তর

(a) merit

(b) promoted

(c) studies

(d) well

(e) knowledge

(f) information

(g) improve

(h) useless

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