ময়মনসিংহ গার্লস ক্যাডেট কলেজ, ময়মনসিংহ ২০২৫

এইচএসসি · ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

ময়মনসিংহ গার্লস ক্যাডেট কলেজ, ময়মনসিংহ ২০২৫

১০টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। নিচে কয়েকটি নমুনা দেখো; সব প্রশ্ন, উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা পেতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।

Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to multi-racial democracy, as an icon of peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world. Imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela emerged determined to use his prestige and charisma to bring down apartheid while avoiding a civil war. "The time for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come," Mandela said in his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994. "We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation."

In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, an honor he shared with F.W. de Klerk, the white African leader who freed him from prison three years earlier and negotiated the end of apartheid. Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity in the face of challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS. He formally left public life in June 2004 before his 86th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen: "Don't call me. I'll call you". But he remained one of the world's most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom, respect and human rights. "He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are," Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked. Mandela's years behind bars made him the world's most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country's borders.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) The word "icon' in the text signifies-.
(i) idol (ii) sponsor (iii) portrait (iv) image

(b) As a leader, Nelson Mandela's vision was-.
(i) cosmopolitan (ii) regional (iii) orthodox (iv) illiberal

(c) What does 'shackles' refer to in the first sentence?
(i) stigma (ii) restraints (iii) spur (iv) agreement

(d) While bringing down apartheid Mandela ______ civil war.
(i) welcomed (ii) averted (iii) accommodated (iv) fermented

(e) The word 'healing' connotes ______.
(i) deteriorating (ii) increasing (iii) soothing (iv) cleaning

(f) What does "bridge the chasms" indicate?
(i) world politics (ii) Black's rights (iii) Black-White bond (iv) White minority

(g) What does 'chasms' refer to in Mandela's speech?
(i) pain (ii) personal honour (iii) celebration (iv) deep divisions between people

(h) Apart from politics, Mandela championed______.
(i) trades (ii) local culture (iii) world economy (iv) human dignity

(i) The term 'apartheid' refers to______
(i) discrimination (ii) quarreling (iii) relation (iv) power

(j) Mandela was a leader of 'mythic stature'. Here 'mythic' means ______.
(i) legendary (ii) meagre (iii) potential (iv) short

উত্তর

(a) (i) idol

(b) (i) cosmopolitan

(c) (ii) restraints

(d) (ii) averted

(e) (iii) soothing

(f) (iii) Black-White bond

(g) (iv) deep divisions between people

(h) (iv) human dignity

(i) (i) discrimination

(j) (i) legendary

Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to multi-racial democracy, as an icon of peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world. Imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela emerged determined to use his prestige and charisma to bring down apartheid while avoiding a civil war. "The time for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come," Mandela said in his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994. "We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation."

In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, an honor he shared with F.W. de Klerk, the white African leader who freed him from prison three years earlier and negotiated the end of apartheid. Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity in the face of challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS. He formally left public life in June 2004 before his 86th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen: "Don't call me. I'll call you". But he remained one of the world's most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom, respect and human rights. "He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are," Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked. Mandela's years behind bars made him the world's most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country's borders.

২.

Answer the following questions.

(a) Describe the term 'apartheid' in relation to Nelson Mandela.
(b) "The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come". Explain the statement.
(c) Comment on Nelson Mandela's reconciliation-based political strategy.
(d) Why is Mandela called a leader of mythic stature?
(e) "Don't call me. I'll call you". How will you evaluate this statement?

উত্তর

(a) Apartheid was a system of racial segregation and white-minority rule in South Africa. The passage presents Mandela as a leader who struggled against it and helped guide the country towards multiracial democracy.

(b) Mandela meant that South Africans should overcome the divisions caused by apartheid and work towards reconciliation. The image of bridging chasms expresses the need to bring divided communities together.

(c) After imprisonment, Mandela sought to use his influence to end apartheid while avoiding civil war. His strategy emphasised reconciliation and a shared democratic future rather than deepening racial divisions.

(d) His long imprisonment and struggle against oppression made him an inspiring figure for millions of South Africans and people beyond his country. The phrase describes his extraordinary symbolic importance.

(e) He made the statement when retiring from public life. It suggests a wish for privacy and control over his future public involvement, while leaving open the possibility of contacting people himself.

Shilpi's mother-in-law and neighbours continued to pressurise the newlyweds. Deeply rooted cultural practices and traditions caused a rift between Shilpi and Rashid and their extended family, some of whose members insulted and criticised the couple. Unable to convince their close relatives of the risks, Shilpi and Rashid returned to the counsellor. They took the help of a parent peer who had been trained to speak to other parents about adolescent issues. Shilpi's mother-in-law and neighbours eventually came to understand the harmful effects of early pregnancy on mother and child. After that, the villagers no longer pressurised the couple; their parents and neighbours began to support them and speak out against early marriage and pregnancy.
৩.

Read the following passage and make a flow chart mentioning the struggle and success of Shilpi and Rashid against early pregnancy. (One is done for you.)

Box Content
1 Pressures created by mother-in-law and neighbours
2 ______
3 ______
4 ______
5 ______
6 ______
উত্তর
Box Content
1 Pressures created by mother-in-law and neighbours
2 Insulted and criticized by family members and relatives.
3 A health counsellor consulted
4 The help of a peer parent taken
5 Parents and neighbours made convinced
6 Eventually supported by parents and neighbours
"The Negro is still not free; the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. The Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. The Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So, we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.... I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal." I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today. I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of 'interposition' and 'nullification', that one day right down in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers."
৪. Summarise the following passage.
উত্তর
The speaker condemns the segregation, discrimination and poverty experienced by Black Americans despite the prosperity around them. He expresses hope that the nation will fulfil its promise of equality. He dreams of descendants of slaves and slave owners living in brotherhood, and of Mississippi becoming a place of freedom and justice. He wants children to be judged by character rather than skin colour and imagines Black and white children living together as equals.

ময়মনসিংহ গার্লস ক্যাডেট কলেজ, ময়মনসিংহ ২০২৫ আনলক করো

এই টেস্ট পেপারটি প্রিমিয়াম প্যাকেজের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সব বহুনির্বাচনি ও লিখিত প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।