নটরডেম কলেজ ২০২৪

এইচএসসি · ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

নটরডেম কলেজ ২০২৪

১০টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। নিচে কয়েকটি নমুনা দেখো; সব প্রশ্ন, উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা পেতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।

Spending may make us happy or unhappy depending on how and why we spend. When we spend money on things that we need and within our limit, it is good. When it becomes a compulsive behaviour, it makes life stressful. Unnecessary spending or spending beyond one's means has some bad effects. For one thing, it may lead to financial ruin or debt, and for another, it may create unhappiness within families. People who overspend are never satisfied with what they have. They always rush for brands, fashion items, designer clothes etc. Over a period of time it becomes an addiction which may eventually create psychological problems.

Nowadays consumer items are displayed in stores or in advertisements in ways that they create a feeling of immediate need for them. We are constantly tempted to buy, use or consume things even when we do not have a genuine need. We all need to be careful here. Salespersons often encourage customers to buy things by flattering them. 'This is a perfect match for you,' they would say, or 'You look so stunning in that dress'. Never forget, they say the same thing to most of their customers. It is better not to be persuaded by such words. They use these words to please the customers as the more a customer buys, the higher the profit is. Overspending is not only related to shopping, it applies to other activities as well such as eating out. Many people buy too many items to eat in a restaurant. They can eat only some of them and the rest are wasted. It's not a responsible attitude. We cannot simply waste food because we have money to buy it.

Young people in a shopping mall often look at an item on display and think 'Oh I must buy this, I really need this.' They may not have the money needed in their wallet. So, they use credit cards but using them is like taking a loan. If they are not careful, the loans increase which might lead them to a debt-trap.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) The word 'flatter' is synonymous for — .
(i) cajole (ii) slander (iii) malign (iv) derogate

(b) 'When it becomes a compulsive behaviour, it makes life stressful.' 'Stressful' can be replaced by —
(i) nerve-racking (ii) slacken-loose (iii) lounge-quite (iv) luxuriate

(c) 'Unhappiness within families' is a/an
(i) adjective phrase (ii) prepositional phrase (iii) noun phrase (iv) none

(d) Which choice states both factors mentioned in the first sentence?
(i) our style (ii) our purpose of expenditure (iii) our financial ability (iv) how and why we spend

(e) The word 'consume' in the passage means -.
(i) husband (ii) safeguard (iii) use up (iv) accumulate

(f) The word 'rush for' means -.
(i) stroll (ii) hurry to obtain (iii) linger (iv) procrastinate

(g) The word 'ruin' in the passage does not refer to -
(i) indigence (ii) destitution (iii) bankruptcy (iv) opulence

(h) It is better not to be persuaded by such words. Here 'persuade' means -.
(i) fend off (ii) inhibit (iii) impede (iv) convince

(i) Unnecessary expenditure or expenditure crossing one's limit has-.
(i) no influence over anyone (ii) some adverse aftermaths (iii) no effect on family life (iv) some efficacious effects

(j) A debt trap is a situation when one-
(i) spends more than one's income (ii) expends against one's credit card to adjust that spending (iii) is caught in debt that is difficult to repay (iv) both (i) & (ii)

উত্তর

(a) (i) cajole

(b) (i) nerve-racking

(c) (iii) noun phrase

(d) (iv) how and why we spend

(e) (iii) use up

(f) (ii) hurry to obtain

(g) (iv) opulence

(h) (iv) convince

(i) (ii) some adverse aftermaths

(j) (iii) is caught in debt that is difficult to repay

Spending may make us happy or unhappy depending on how and why we spend. When we spend money on things that we need and within our limit, it is good. When it becomes a compulsive behaviour, it makes life stressful. Unnecessary spending or spending beyond one's means has some bad effects. For one thing, it may lead to financial ruin or debt, and for another, it may create unhappiness within families. People who overspend are never satisfied with what they have. They always rush for brands, fashion items, designer clothes etc. Over a period of time it becomes an addiction which may eventually create psychological problems.

Nowadays consumer items are displayed in stores or in advertisements in ways that they create a feeling of immediate need for them. We are constantly tempted to buy, use or consume things even when we do not have a genuine need. We all need to be careful here. Salespersons often encourage customers to buy things by flattering them. 'This is a perfect match for you,' they would say, or 'You look so stunning in that dress'. Never forget, they say the same thing to most of their customers. It is better not to be persuaded by such words. They use these words to please the customers as the more a customer buys, the higher the profit is. Overspending is not only related to shopping, it applies to other activities as well such as eating out. Many people buy too many items to eat in a restaurant. They can eat only some of them and the rest are wasted. It's not a responsible attitude. We cannot simply waste food because we have money to buy it.

Young people in a shopping mall often look at an item on display and think 'Oh I must buy this, I really need this.' They may not have the money needed in their wallet. So, they use credit cards but using them is like taking a loan. If they are not careful, the loans increase which might lead them to a debt-trap.

২.

** Write brief answers to the following questions.**

(a) How does spending make one happy or unhappy?

(b) What does 'a compulsive behaviour' denote in the passage?

(c) Why is one inveigled perennially to dissipate?

(d) How do people fall into quagmire as a spendthrift?

(e) Write a suitable heading to this passage.

উত্তর

(a) Spending can bring satisfaction when it meets genuine needs within our means. Compulsive or unaffordable spending can create stress and unhappiness.

(b) It means a difficult-to-control urge to spend repeatedly, even without a genuine need or sufficient money.

(c) Attractive displays, advertisements and flattering sales talk can make unnecessary items seem urgently needed.

(d) Spending beyond one's means can lead to debt, dissatisfaction and conflict within families. Unmanaged credit-card borrowing may deepen these difficulties.

(e) A suitable heading is "The Causes and Consequences of Overspending".

In Bangladesh, cyber bullying is not just an act to be scorned at but is an offence punishable under the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Act 2006. The Act, inter alia, provides that a person who deliberately publishes, in a website or in electronic form, any material which is fake and obscene or has the effect of corrupting persons who are likely to read, see or hear the material or causes to prejudice the image of a person or may hurt religious belief or instigate against any person, then the person publishing the material will be guilty of an offence under the Act. The punishment for such an offence is imprisonment and/or fine. Furthermore, if the harassment amounts to criminal intimidation (threatening someone with any injury to his person, reputation, property etc.) as per the Penal Code 1860, then the perpetrator may be liable to punishment as per the Penal Code 1860.
৩.

Read the following text and then make a flow-chart showing the types of online content to be punishable under the ICT Act 2006 and penal code. (No. 1 has been done for you.)

  1. fake and obscene content → 2. ______ → 3. ______ → 4. ______ → 5. ______ → 6. ______
উত্তর

1. fake and obscene content

2. prejudice against a person's image

3. offence. against religious faith

4. instigation against any person

5. threat against someone's fame or property

6. criminal intimidation

Once in the water, you get oblivious of time, distance or direction. The only thought, which kept me worried, was that I must make it and that I must get good weather all the way. The second half of the swim is always very difficult. And if even little waves develop, it saps the ebbing energy of the swimmer all the more. Taking a lesson from my previous swims I kept my speed at a steady pace for I knew I would need every ounce of my energy towards the close....

I felt hungry and famished and shouted for my manager. In reply, I was told that I could not afford to waste 10 minutes in having the feed! If I have to break the record, I must swim on with all my might. But I refused...I am sorry now for it. For if I had gone on, I might have finished the whole swim in less than 10 hours and 15 minutes creating a new world record from both sides....

After the feed I really got my teeth into the strokes.... I was squeezing my body for the last drop of energy I could get out of it.... and edged on inch by inch. The people in the motorboat were cheering me. I saw the flash on the Kent shore very clearly. I realized I was very close. I could see the record, like the proverbial carrot, dangling before my swollen eyes....

৪. Summarize the following text.
উত্তর
The swimmer describes the effort required near the end of a demanding swim. Aware that rough water could drain his strength, he maintains a steady pace to conserve energy. Hunger leads him to stop for food despite his manager's warning that this may cost him a record. He later regrets the delay, but resumes swimming with renewed determination. Encouragement from the boat and the sight of the Kent shore strengthen his hope as he approaches the finish.

নটরডেম কলেজ ২০২৪ আনলক করো

এই টেস্ট পেপারটি প্রিমিয়াম প্যাকেজের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সব বহুনির্বাচনি ও লিখিত প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।