নটরডেম কলেজ ২০২৫

এইচএসসি · ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

নটরডেম কলেজ ২০২৫

১০টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। নিচে কয়েকটি নমুনা দেখো; সব প্রশ্ন, উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা পেতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।

Cyberbullying is basically an act done by a person(s) against another person(s) by using electronic communication, e.g. social media. A few examples of cyberbullying are - causing someone harm by posting unwanted or private information, threatening a person by sending mean messages via emails, social networking websites, text or audio messages, spreading rumours via email or social networking sites, sharing private/embarrassing pictures, creating fake profiles, etc.

In Bangladesh, cyberbullying is not just an act to be scorned at but is an offence punishable under the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Act 2006. The Act, inter alia, provides that a person who deliberately publishes, in a website or in electronic form, any material which is fake and obscene or has the effect of corrupting persons who are likely to read, see or hear the material or causes to prejudice the image of a person or may hurt religious belief or instigate against any person, then the person publishing the material will be guilty of an offence under the Act. The punishment for such an offence is imprisonment and/or fine.

Victims of cybercrimes (including cyberbullying) can lodge a complaint to the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) by calling at +880-29611111 or by emailing at [email protected]. BTRC is supposed to take necessary actions within 24 hours and the perpetrators will be brought to justice within 3 days after the complaint is filed. The government has also launched a cybercrime helpline. Victims can call at +8801766678888 to submit their complaints. Furthermore, if the harassment amounts to criminal intimidation (threatening someone with injury to his/her person, reputation, property, etc.), then the perpetrator may be liable to punishment as per the Penal Code 1860.

The steps mentioned above should definitely be taken if the matter is serious. An important first step is the internal reporting process of the particular social media website or application. If we take Facebook, for example, photos and comments can be reported and the particular user can be blocked. Similar reporting systems are in place in most other popular social media websites or applications.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) In 'an act done by a person', what verb form is 'done'?
(i) infinitive (ii) past participle (iii) gerund (iv) present participle

(b) Which of the following acts cannot be treated as cyberbullying?
(i) posting unwanted or private information (ii) threatening a person via text (iii) spreading rumors via email or social networking sites (iv) creating a valid profile

(c) The word 'scorned at' is synonymous to-
(i) venerate (ii) countenance (iii) contemned (iv) lionize

(d) The phrase 'inter alia' means-
(i) among other things (ii) without any limitation (iii) inter-relation (iv) Latin Code

(e) The antonym of 'obscene' is ______.
(i) lascivious (ii) decent (iii) coarse (iv) salacious

(f) In 'prejudice the image of a person', 'prejudice' means ______.
(i) harm (ii) improve (iii) favour (iv) predict

(g) Which one of the following words is not antonymous to 'instigate'?
(i) appease (ii) mollify (iii) soothe (iv) provoke

(h) Which expression does NOT mean 'intimidation'?
(i) peaceful persuasion (ii) threatening behaviour (iii) menace (iv) coercion by fear

(i) 'Brought to justice' means ______.
(i) made to face legal proceedings for wrongdoing (ii) brought to notice (iii) ensured freedom (iv) brought home

(j) '....... if the matter is serious' is a/an-
(i) Adverb clause (ii) Adjective clause (iii) Noun clause (iv) principal clause

উত্তর

(a) (ii) past participle

(b) (iv) creating a valid profile

(c) (iii) contemned

(d) (i) among other things

(e) (ii) decent

(f) (i) harm

(g) (iv) provoke

(h) (i) peaceful persuasion

(i) (i) made to face legal proceedings for wrongdoing

(j) (i) Adverb clause

Cyberbullying is basically an act done by a person(s) against another person(s) by using electronic communication, e.g. social media. A few examples of cyberbullying are - causing someone harm by posting unwanted or private information, threatening a person by sending mean messages via emails, social networking websites, text or audio messages, spreading rumours via email or social networking sites, sharing private/embarrassing pictures, creating fake profiles, etc.

In Bangladesh, cyberbullying is not just an act to be scorned at but is an offence punishable under the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Act 2006. The Act, inter alia, provides that a person who deliberately publishes, in a website or in electronic form, any material which is fake and obscene or has the effect of corrupting persons who are likely to read, see or hear the material or causes to prejudice the image of a person or may hurt religious belief or instigate against any person, then the person publishing the material will be guilty of an offence under the Act. The punishment for such an offence is imprisonment and/or fine.

Victims of cybercrimes (including cyberbullying) can lodge a complaint to the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) by calling at +880-29611111 or by emailing at [email protected]. BTRC is supposed to take necessary actions within 24 hours and the perpetrators will be brought to justice within 3 days after the complaint is filed. The government has also launched a cybercrime helpline. Victims can call at +8801766678888 to submit their complaints. Furthermore, if the harassment amounts to criminal intimidation (threatening someone with injury to his/her person, reputation, property, etc.), then the perpetrator may be liable to punishment as per the Penal Code 1860.

The steps mentioned above should definitely be taken if the matter is serious. An important first step is the internal reporting process of the particular social media website or application. If we take Facebook, for example, photos and comments can be reported and the particular user can be blocked. Similar reporting systems are in place in most other popular social media websites or applications.

২. Write brief answers to the following questions.
(a) How would you define 'Cyberbullying'?
(b) What are the modes of 'Cyberbullying'?
(c) In which way ICT Act 2006 may protect people from being bullied?
(d) How can BTRC help people in getting rescued from harassment?
(e) What should be the first step after being victim of cyberbullying?
উত্তর

(a) Cyberbullying means using electronic communication to harass, threaten or harm another person.

(b) Examples include abusive messages, rumours, unwanted disclosure of private information, embarrassing pictures and fake profiles.

(c) According to the supplied passage, the ICT Act 2006 provided penalties for certain harmful electronic publications, including imprisonment or fines.

(d) The passage presents BTRC as a channel for receiving complaints and arranging action against cybercrime. Its specific contact details and promised timelines require current verification.

(e) The passage identifies the platform's internal reporting process as an important first step, including reporting harmful content and blocking the user.

Meditation releases anxiety and brings a state of calmness. It increases the thinking ability of human brain so that people have a better control of their emotions. Those who practice meditation can work tirelessly for a longer period of time. Meditation helps improve blood circulation in the brain and other parts of the body. Finally, meditation improves creativity, self-awareness and tolerance.
৩.

Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the benefits of meditation. (No. 1 has been done for you.)

  1. Reducing mental stress → 2. ______ → 3. ______ → 4. ______ → 5. ______ → 6. ______
উত্তর
  1. Reducing mental stress → 2. Bringing state of calmness → 3. Increasing thinking ability of human brain → 4. Making able to work tirelessly → 5. Helping improved blood circulation in brain → 6. Improving creativity, self-awareness and tolerance
And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing, that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put kindling and "medium" wood, so that I might always have dry fire material ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself, by a shortcut over the bank. I found that when I tried to return his thoughtfulness with such things as candy and apples, he was wordless. "Thank you" was, perhaps, an expression for which he had had no use, for his courtesy was instinctive. He only looked at the gift and at me, and a curtain lifted, so that I saw deep into the clear well of his eyes, and gratitude was there, and affection, soft over the firm granite of his character.
৪. Summarize the following text.
উত্তর
The passage describes the helper's instinctive kindness. Without being asked, he stored dry wood near the fireplace and secured a loose stone on the path, although he did not use that route himself. When the narrator offered him small gifts, he expressed his gratitude through his eyes rather than words. His thoughtful actions reveal both strength of character and affection.

নটরডেম কলেজ ২০২৫ আনলক করো

এই টেস্ট পেপারটি প্রিমিয়াম প্যাকেজের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সব বহুনির্বাচনি ও লিখিত প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।