My brothers,I stand before you today with a heart overflowing with grief. You are fully aware of the events that are going on and understand their import. We have been trying to do our best to cope with the situation. And yet, unfortunately, the streets of Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Rajshahi and Rangpur are awash with the blood of our brothers. The people of Bengal now want to be free, the people of Bengal now want to live, and the people of Bengal now want their rights.What have we done that was wrong? After the elections, the people of Bangladesh voted as one for me, for the Awami League. We were to sit in the National Assembly, draft a constitution for ourselves there, and build our country; the people of this land would thereby get economic, political, and cultural freedom. But it is with regret that I have to report to you today that we have passed through twentythree tragic years; Bengal's history of those years is full of stories of torture inflicted on our people, of blood shed by them repeatedly. Twenty-three years of a history of men and women in agony!The history of Bengal is the history of a people who have repeatedly made their highways crimson with their blood. We shed blood in 1952; even though we were the victors in the elections of 1954 we could not form a government then. In 1958 Ayub Khan declared Martial Law to enslave us for the next ten years. In 1966 when we launched the six point movement our boys were shot dead on 7 June. When after the movement of 1969 Ayub Khan fell from power and Yahya Khan assumed the reins of the government he declared that he would give us a constitution and restore democracy; we listened to him then. A lot has happened since and elections have taken place.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) The word ‘grief’ refers to -
(i) pleasure (ii) sadness (iii) severe pain (iv) surprise

(b) The phrase ‘aware of’ in the second sentence indicates -
(i) think of (ii) conscious of (iii) free of (iv) sure of

(c) How many cities have been mentioned here?
(i) two (ii) seven (iii) four (iv) five

(d) The people of Bengal voted for -
(i) the Awami League (ii) the Muslim League (iii) Ayub Khan (iv) Yahya Khan

(e) Why did Ayub Khan declare Martial Law?
(i) to enslave us (ii) to serve us (iii) to develop this state (iv) to win the election

(f) When was the six-point-movement launched?
(i) in 1970 (ii) in 1966 (iii) in 1990 (iv) in 1958

(g) Who fell from power after the movement of 1969?
(i) Ayub Khan (ii) Yahya Khan (iii) Shahbaz Khan (iv) Tikka Khan

(h) The word ‘torture’ in line 14 indicates -
(i) physical comfort (ii) physical and mental pain (iii) mental peace (iv) feeling of boredom

(i) How many years did the people of Bengal pass in agony?
(i) 25 years (ii) 24 years (iii) 30 years (iv) 23 years

(j) During the six-point-movement, people were shot dead on -
(i) 7 March (ii) 26 March (iii) 16 December (iv) 7 June

উত্তর

(a) (ii) sadness

(b) (ii) conscious of

(c) (iv) five

(d) (i) the Awami League

(e) (i) to enslave us

(f) (ii) in 1966

(g) (i) Ayub Khan

(h) (ii) physical and mental pain

(i) (iv) 23 years

(j) (iv) 7 June

We have two terms to describe our social behaviour- 'etiquette' and 'manners'. 'Etiquette' is a French word and it means the rules of correct behaviour in society. The word 'manners' means the behaviour that is considered to be polite in a particular society or culture. Manners can be good or bad. For example, it is a bad manner to speak with food in one's mouth. No one likes a bad-mannered person. Remember that etiquette and manners vary from culture to culture and from society to society. We learn etiquette and manners from our parents, families and various institutions, such as schools, colleges or professional bodies. There are rules of behaviour for all kinds of social occasions and it is important to learn them and practise them in everyday life. The manners that are correct in a wedding reception will not do in a debating club. Therefore, we have to be careful about etiquette and manners. We know how important it is to say 'please' and 'thank you' in everyday life. A few more polite expressions such as 'pardon me,' 'excuse me', 'may I', are bound to make your day smooth and pleasant.

২. Answer the following questions:
(a) What does the word 'etiquette' mean?
(b) What does the word 'manners' refer to?
(c) From where do we learn manners?
(d) Give an example of a bad manner.

উত্তর

(a) The word 'etiquette' means the rules of correct behaviour in society.

(b) The word 'manners' refers to behaviour that is considered polite in a particular society or culture.

(c) We learn manners from our parents, families and various institutions such as schools, colleges and professional bodies.

(d) An example of a bad manner is speaking with food in one's mouth.

We have two terms to describe our social behaviour- 'etiquette' and 'manners'. 'Etiquette' is a French word and it means the rules of correct behaviour in society. The word 'manners' means the behaviour that is considered to be polite in a particular society or culture. Manners can be good or bad. For example, it is a bad manner to speak with food in one's mouth. No one likes a bad-mannered person. Remember that etiquette and manners vary from culture to culture and from society to society. We learn etiquette and manners from our parents, families and various institutions, such as schools, colleges or professional bodies. There are rules of behaviour for all kinds of social occasions and it is important to learn them and practise them in everyday life. The manners that are correct in a wedding reception will not do in a debating club. Therefore, we have to be careful about etiquette and manners. We know how important it is to say 'please' and 'thank you' in everyday life. A few more polite expressions such as 'pardon me,' 'excuse me', 'may I', are bound to make your day smooth and pleasant.

৩. Write the synonyms or antonyms of the words as directed below.
(a) Correct (antonym) (b) Polite (synonym) (c) Particular (synonym) (d) Remember (antonym) (e) Vary (antonym) (f) Institution (synonym) (g) Profession (synonym) (h) Careful (antonym) (i) Bound (synonym) (j) Smooth (antonym)

উত্তর

(a) incorrect
(b) courteous
(c) specific
(d) forget
(e) remain constant
(f) organization
(g) occupation
(h) careless
(i) certain
(j) rough

Covid-19, the pandemic disaster has forced us to (a) ______ some rules of health. Students are regularly wearing (b) ______ and using sanitizer. As a result, they are keeping themselves aloof (c) ______ many diseases. They are now very much aware of the (d) ______ of cleanliness. If this habit is (e) ______ permanently, it will certainly be helpful in making a healthy generation. This is a precondition for (f) ______ education. Therefore, this pandemic condition has paved the way for a good (g) ______ environment and a good generation. Now, we must (h) ______ the opportunity this pandemic disease has created.

৪. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap.

উত্তর

(a) follow
(b) masks
(c) from
(d) importance
(e) continued
(f) quality
(g) learning
(h) utilize

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