সরকারি হাজী মুহাম্মদ মহসিন কলেজ, চট্টগ্রাম ২০২৬

এইচএসসি · ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

সরকারি হাজী মুহাম্মদ মহসিন কলেজ, চট্টগ্রাম ২০২৬

১২টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। নিচে কয়েকটি নমুনা দেখো; সব প্রশ্ন, উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা পেতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।

In a study conducted in June 2021, it was found that 44.4 percent of school students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying.

Bullying typically refers to deliberate actions or repeated behaviour that can be verbal, physical, psychological, or social, which cause a serious extent of intimidation or offence to someone else. Such actions undermine, humiliate, and cause both physical and emotional harm to the subjects. Young students especially tend to be extremely vulnerable to bullying, mainly because many of them are not entirely aware of the concept that is, victims do not realise that they are being bullied, and bullies do not realise that they are causing harm.

In a report by UNESCO published in October 2019, it was shown that 23 percent of school students in Bangladesh are victims of bullying. These data give us an idea of the prevalence of bullying in our country and how it is becoming a pressing issue by the day.

Existing data suggest that 44.4 percent of school students had experienced bullying victimisation. This is comparable to another study, according to a survey report by UNICEF, which included a sample from 122 countries, where 35 percent of children aged between 13 and 15 years in Bangladesh said they experienced bullying at school.

Many children start bullying others without the knowledge of the consequences, not realising that their actions may be hurtful, as the actions often leave them with a feeling of authority over others. On the other hand, many children suffer from external trauma within their personal lives and tend to normalise crude behaviour within themselves, exerting their pent-up frustration on other children. Flipping the coin towards another perspective, many bullies have often been victims themselves.

Mostly, bullies go on to suffer negative impacts further down the line. Issues in relationships with friends and family, difficulty coping with varying work environments, anxiety disorders, and many more problems may arise as they transition into adulthood. The victims of bullying, on the other hand, grow up with serious mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, inferiority complex, eating disorders, and loneliness. Moreover, bullied children may also resort to becoming bullies themselves, keeping the cycle going.

Moreover, the counselling department of the school could also take initiatives such as organising workshops, conducting one-on-one sessions, and assigning a monitor among the students who would proactively address uncalled-for situations and inform teachers of them. Schools could also install complaint boxes which students can write to the authorities about any Incidents that made them feel uncomfortable. To deal with such situations, students might also adopt a few strategies, such as standing up for each other, facing the bully in a group, and uniting against the bully to tackle him/her. As part of the development measure, they should be trained in groups from an early age to deal with such behaviour in a group:

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) What type of harm does bullying cause?
(i) financial harm (ii) educational advancement (iii) social exploitation (iv) physical and emotional harm

(b) What is the key reason young students may not recognize bullying?
(i) are taught to ignore it (ii) shortage of technology (iii) lack of awareness of the concept (iv) financial problem

(c) What does the text suggest about the cycle of bullying?
(i) victim rarely become bullies (ii) bullying is a myth (iii) bullied children may become bullies themselves (iv) bullying is not seen in schools

(d) What does the phrase 'flipping the coin' imply in the text?
(i) making a quick decision (ii) tossing something aside (iii) looking at a different perspective (iv) issues

(e) What does the phrase 'pent-up frustration' mean in the text?
(i) lack of confidence (ii) high domination (iii) scope (iv) repressed anger

উত্তর

(a) (iv) physical and emotional harm

(b) (iii) lack of awareness of the concept

(c) (iii) bullied children may become bullies themselves

(d) (iii) looking at a different perspective

(e) (iv) repressed anger

In a study conducted in June 2021, it was found that 44.4 percent of school students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying.

Bullying typically refers to deliberate actions or repeated behaviour that can be verbal, physical, psychological, or social, which cause a serious extent of intimidation or offence to someone else. Such actions undermine, humiliate, and cause both physical and emotional harm to the subjects. Young students especially tend to be extremely vulnerable to bullying, mainly because many of them are not entirely aware of the concept that is, victims do not realise that they are being bullied, and bullies do not realise that they are causing harm.

In a report by UNESCO published in October 2019, it was shown that 23 percent of school students in Bangladesh are victims of bullying. These data give us an idea of the prevalence of bullying in our country and how it is becoming a pressing issue by the day.

Existing data suggest that 44.4 percent of school students had experienced bullying victimisation. This is comparable to another study, according to a survey report by UNICEF, which included a sample from 122 countries, where 35 percent of children aged between 13 and 15 years in Bangladesh said they experienced bullying at school.

Many children start bullying others without the knowledge of the consequences, not realising that their actions may be hurtful, as the actions often leave them with a feeling of authority over others. On the other hand, many children suffer from external trauma within their personal lives and tend to normalise crude behaviour within themselves, exerting their pent-up frustration on other children. Flipping the coin towards another perspective, many bullies have often been victims themselves.

Mostly, bullies go on to suffer negative impacts further down the line. Issues in relationships with friends and family, difficulty coping with varying work environments, anxiety disorders, and many more problems may arise as they transition into adulthood. The victims of bullying, on the other hand, grow up with serious mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, inferiority complex, eating disorders, and loneliness. Moreover, bullied children may also resort to becoming bullies themselves, keeping the cycle going.

Moreover, the counselling department of the school could also take initiatives such as organising workshops, conducting one-on-one sessions, and assigning a monitor among the students who would proactively address uncalled-for situations and inform teachers of them. Schools could also install complaint boxes which students can write to the authorities about any Incidents that made them feel uncomfortable. To deal with such situations, students might also adopt a few strategies, such as standing up for each other, facing the bully in a group, and uniting against the bully to tackle him/her. As part of the development measure, they should be trained in groups from an early age to deal with such behaviour in a group:

২. Answer the following questions.
(a) What is bullying?
(b) Why are young students particularly vulnerable to bullying?
(c) What are the causes of bullying mentioned in the report above?
(d) What are some of the probable effects of bullying on students?
(e) What initiatives can schools take to prevent bullying?
উত্তর

(a) Bullying refers to deliberate actions or repeated behaviour that can be verbal, physical, psychological, or social, which causes intimidation or offence to someone else.

(b) Young students are vulnerable to bullying because they may not realise they are being bullied, and bullies may not realise they are causing harm.

(c) Some children do not understand how their behaviour hurts others. Others normalise crude behaviour after personal trauma and direct their pent-up frustration at peers. The passage also notes that some bullies were previously victims.

(d) Bullying has some serious negative effects on children including mental health problems like depression, anxiety, inferiority complex, eating disorders and loneliness. Apart from these, bullied children may also become bullies.

(e) In order to prevent bullying, schools can organise workshops, assign monitors to address such issues and inform the teachers of them. In addition, schools can install complaint boxes as well as counsel the students to stand up for each other, facing the bully in a group.

According to some myths and legends, Gazi Pir was a Muslim saint who is said to have spread Islam in the parts of Bengal close to the Sundarbans. He was credited with many miracles. For example, he could supposedly calm dangerous animals and make them docile. He is usually depicted in paats or scroll paintings riding a fierce-looking Bengal tiger, a snake in his hand, but in no apparent danger. According to some stories, he also fought crocodiles who threatened the people of a region full of canals and creeks, indeed, a kind of watery jungle bordering the Bay of Bengal.
Because of his alert and vigilant presence, all predatory animals were said to have been kept within bounds. It was also believed that he enabled villagers to live close to forests and jungles and cultivate their lands. Consequently, people of these regions would pray to him for protection. The story of Gazi Pir has been preserved in folk literature as well as art and has been performed in indigenous theatre. Some Gazir paat scrolls are part of the collection of the British Museum.
৩.

Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the role and activities of Gazi Pir. (One is done for you.)

Box Content
1 Making dangerous animals docile
2 ______
3 ______
4 ______
5 ______
6 ______
উত্তর
Box Content
1 Making dangerous animals docile
2 Riding a fierce-looking Bengal tiger
3 Holding snakes in his hand
4 Fighting crocodiles
5 Keeping predatory animals within bounds
6 Enabling villagers to live safely and cultivate their lands in peace
Relationships are of different kinds. Some are familial and intimate, formed by blood and by marriage; some are social like the ones we have with friends and some are made in schools where we form close bonds with classmates and teachers. Relationships can also be fostered in workplaces, which may quickly change from professional to social. There are relationships also between human beings and animals, between children and their toys that they cannot part with.
All these relationships keep us close to each other and provide us all kinds of support, love and affection. A person who has no family feels the pain of loneliness and isolation. There is no one to laugh or cry with him/her. When we share our joy with someone, it simply redoubles, and when we suffer a loss and someone shares our sorrow, it lessens. Relationships are thus needed for our emotional health.
To build relationships, we need to have trust and respect for each other, and love where this is needed. We cannot be selfish and possessive if we want to establish an effective relationship. But quite often we see people quarrelling and fighting with each other which only brings misery and loss to all.
৪. Summarise the following passage.
উত্তর
Relationships develop within families, friendships, schools and workplaces, and can also connect people with animals or cherished objects. They provide companionship, support, love and affection. Sharing happiness increases joy, while sharing sorrow can ease distress. The passage therefore presents relationships as important to emotional well-being. Strong relationships depend on mutual trust, respect and appropriate love, rather than selfishness or possessiveness. Conflict and quarrelling, in contrast, bring unhappiness and loss.

সরকারি হাজী মুহাম্মদ মহসিন কলেজ, চট্টগ্রাম ২০২৬ আনলক করো

এই টেস্ট পেপারটি প্রিমিয়াম প্যাকেজের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সব বহুনির্বাচনি ও লিখিত প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।