ভিকারুননিসা নূন স্কুল অ্যান্ড কলেজ, ঢাকা ২০২৪

এইচএসসি · ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

ভিকারুননিসা নূন স্কুল অ্যান্ড কলেজ, ঢাকা ২০২৪

১০টি প্রশ্ন রয়েছে। নিচে কয়েকটি নমুনা দেখো; সব প্রশ্ন, উত্তর ও ব্যাখ্যা পেতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।

JOHANNESBURG (R) Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to a multi-racial democracy, as an icon of peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world.

Imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela never lost his resolve to fight for his people's emancipation. He was determined to bring down apartheid while avoiding a civil war. His prestige and charisma helped him win the support of the world.

"I hate race discrimination most intensely and in all its manifestations. I have fought it all during my life; I will fight it now, and will do so until the end of my days," Mandela said in his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994....

"The time for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come."

"We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation."

In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, an honor he shared with F.W. de Klerk, the white South African leader who had freed him from prison three years earlier and negotiated the end of apartheid.

Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity in the face of challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS.

He formally left public life in June 2004 before his 86th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen : "Don't call me. I'll call you." But he remained one of the world's most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom, respect and human rights.

"He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are." Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked.

Whether defending himself at his own treason trial in 1963 or addressing world leaders years later as a graying elder statesman he radiated an image of moral rectitude expressed in measured tones often leavened by a mischievous humor.

The years Mandela spent behind bars made him the world's most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country's borders.

Charged with capital offences in the 1963 Rivonia Trial, his statement from the dock was his political testimony.

"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.

"I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities," he told the court.

"It is an ideal I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die."

Friends adored Mandela and fondly called him "Madiba", the clan name by which he was known. People lauded his humanity, kindness and dignity.

১.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) "We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation." - What did Mandela hint by this?
(i) He hinted political freedom of all parties irrespective of caste, creed and race (ii) He meant freedom of minority people (iii) He meant unity among all nations (iv) He meant that the black people should have their rights

(b) Which option most closely means 'revered' as used in the passage?
(i) honoured (ii) celebrated (iii) famous (iv) infamous

(c) As an advocate of human dignity Mandela's role was ―.
(i) confined to meeting the challenges of political repressions (ii) to find out remedy of AIDS (iii) to alleviate the darkness of illiteracy (iv) to face the challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS

(d) The phrase "Bring down" means ―.
(i) create something new (ii) cause the downfall of (iii) keep under careful scrutiny (iv) launch a state of activity

(e) What does the word "embody" in the passage refer to?
(i) realize (ii) collect (iii) gather (iv) symbolize

(f) What does the word "determined" in the passage refer to?
(i) passionate (ii) arrogant (iii) obdurate (iv) resolute

(g) What does the word "hate" in the passage refer to?
(i) adore (ii) abominate (iii) extol (iv) laud

(h) What does the word "manifestation" in the passage refer to?
(i) opposition (ii) preposition (iii) suggestion (iv) demonstration

(i) What does the word"challenge" in the passage refer to?
(i) riddle (ii) jeopardy (iii) a difficult task or problem (iv) enigma

(j) What does the word"repression" in the passage refer to?
(i) intention (ii) satisfaction (iii) jurisdiction (iv) oppression

উত্তর

(a) (i) He hinted political freedom of all parties irrespective of caste, creed and race

(b) (i) honoured

(c) (iv) to face the challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS

(d) (ii) cause the downfall of

(e) (iv) symbolize

(f) (iv) resolute

(g) (ii) abominate

(h) (iv) demonstration

(i) (iii) a difficult task or problem

(j) (iv) oppression

JOHANNESBURG (R) Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to a multi-racial democracy, as an icon of peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world.

Imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela never lost his resolve to fight for his people's emancipation. He was determined to bring down apartheid while avoiding a civil war. His prestige and charisma helped him win the support of the world.

"I hate race discrimination most intensely and in all its manifestations. I have fought it all during my life; I will fight it now, and will do so until the end of my days," Mandela said in his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994....

"The time for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come."

"We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation."

In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, an honor he shared with F.W. de Klerk, the white South African leader who had freed him from prison three years earlier and negotiated the end of apartheid.

Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity in the face of challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS.

He formally left public life in June 2004 before his 86th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen : "Don't call me. I'll call you." But he remained one of the world's most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom, respect and human rights.

"He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are." Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked.

Whether defending himself at his own treason trial in 1963 or addressing world leaders years later as a graying elder statesman he radiated an image of moral rectitude expressed in measured tones often leavened by a mischievous humor.

The years Mandela spent behind bars made him the world's most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country's borders.

Charged with capital offences in the 1963 Rivonia Trial, his statement from the dock was his political testimony.

"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.

"I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities," he told the court.

"It is an ideal I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die."

Friends adored Mandela and fondly called him "Madiba", the clan name by which he was known. People lauded his humanity, kindness and dignity.

২.

Answer the following questions.

(a) How do you differentiate Mandela from other political leaders?

(b) "Mandela's movement was non-violent one" - Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give reasons.

(c) What dream did Mandela dream throughout his life?

(d) Why do people remember Mandela today?

(e) Do you find any leadership quality in Mandela? If any, explain.

উত্তর

(a) The passage highlights Mandela's perseverance, moral authority, commitment to human dignity and ability to inspire support beyond South Africa. These qualities distinguish his portrayal, without proving that all other leaders lack them.

(b) The passage emphasises his wish to end apartheid while avoiding civil war and his role in reconciliation. It does not establish that every stage of the entire movement was non-violent.

(c) He envisioned a democratic, free society in which people lived in harmony with equal opportunities.

(d) People remember his struggle against apartheid, his humanity and his commitment to freedom, respect and human rights.

(e) Yes. His determination despite imprisonment, clear vision of equality and ability to promote reconciliation are examples of leadership.

Education gives us knowledge and a set of abilities to function meaningfully in life, such as the ability to decide things rationally and make the right choices. As we learn how to read, write and do the basic operations of arithmetic, we gain a degree of self-confidence. We learn to think for ourselves and articulate our thoughts; we pick up skills to communicate with others and manage our affairs well. Education helps us think independently and make our own opinions. As we know more about the world, we appreciate the good things it offers us but also become critical of the deviations from the values it imparts and the rise of hatred or conflict that follows. The first thing education does is to give us an awareness about ourselves which leads to the development of our personality. As we begin school, we feel the need to belong to the class and make friends. We then expand our sense of belonging to include the school at large, our community and finally our country. Education thus prepares every child to become an active member of the community and work for its welfare.
৩.

Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the gifts of education in our life. (No. 1 has been done for you)

  1. Awareness → 2. ______ → 3. ______ → 4. ______ → 5. ______ → 6. ______
উত্তর
  1. Awareness → 2. Development of personality → 3. Making friends → 4. A sense of community belonging → 5. Active community membership → 6. Working for community welfare
When a girl gets married, she usually drops out of school and begins full-time work in her in-laws’ household. In the in-laws house, she is marginalized. She becomes vulnerable to all forms of abuse, including dowry-related violence. In Bangladesh, it is still common for a bride’s family to pay dowry, despite the practice being illegal. Dowry demands can also continue after the wedding. For an adolescent bride, even if her in-laws are supportive, there are significant health risks in terms of pregnancy and childbirth. The majority of adolescent brides and their families are uninformed or insufficiently informed about reproductive health and contraception. The maternal mortality rate for adolescents is double the national rate.
৪. Write a summary of the following text.
উত্তর
The passage describes how early marriage can interrupt a girl's education and place her in full-time domestic work. It highlights marginalisation, vulnerability to abuse and health risks during pregnancy and childbirth. Limited reproductive-health knowledge can add to these difficulties. The account stresses the need for information and support for adolescent brides.

ভিকারুননিসা নূন স্কুল অ্যান্ড কলেজ, ঢাকা ২০২৪ আনলক করো

এই টেস্ট পেপারটি প্রিমিয়াম প্যাকেজের অন্তর্ভুক্ত। সব বহুনির্বাচনি ও লিখিত প্রশ্ন অনুশীলন করতে সাবস্ক্রাইব করো।