Graffiti's potency lies in its subversive, guerrilla nature. Unlike wall art, which is typically organized and sanctioned, graffiti thrives on immediacy, spontaneity, and the risk of persecution. Where wall art may take time and care, graffiti is often quick, requiring speed and anonymity due to the threat of detection. Its purpose is to challenge power, counter surveillance, and inscribe messages that are otherwise censored or suppressed. The July uprising brought new dimensions to this medium of dissent. Spray-painted slogans defied erasure, embodying collective rage and revolutionary solidarity. Demands like "Ek dofa ek dabi, shoirachar tui kobe jabi?" surfaced as cries for justice, echoing the French philosopher Jacques Derrida's assertion that "What cannot be said, must not be silenced but written." A strong sense of inclusivity was also reflected in the wall art and graffiti during and after the July uprising, which highlighted the case of the marginalized and minoritized people in multiple instances. Numerous graffiti and wall art pieces not only called for justice but also carried a broader message of liberation, "Not a land of one nation, Bangladesh is a land of many communities" symbolizing the interconnected struggles of all communities. It underscored the message i.e. our collective liberation is intertwined, with the fight for justice uniting people across regions and backgrounds. The true power of graffiti lies in its resilience; it persists as a medium for revolutionary memory and collective consciousness. It speaks for those silenced, ensures the struggles of the marginalized endure, and, as Banksy's words suggest, comforts the disturbed while disturbing the comfortable.

1.

Choose the best answer from alternatives.

(a) What does "Subversive" mean in the context?

(i) supportive
(ii) revolutionary
(iii) destructive
(iv) decorative

(b) What does "guerrilla" signify regarding graffiti?

(i) legal
(ii) organized
(iii) unconventional and risky
(iv) artistic

(c) What is the meaning of "spontaneity"?

(i) planning
(ii) suddenness
(iii) carelessness
(iv) precision

(d) What makes graffiti different from wall art?

(i) graffiti is slower
(ii) graffiti is anonymous and quick
(iii) graffiti is always approved
(iv) graffiti requires perfection

(e) What does "counter surveillance" imply?

(i) supporting supervision
(ii) encouraging privacy
(iii) resisting monitoring
(iv) promoting censorship

(f) What does "immediacy" refer to in graffiti creation?

(i) taking time
(ii) acting quickly
(iii) seeking approval
(iv) eliminating risks

(g) "Anonymity" means ______.

(i) being famous
(ii) remaining unknown
(iii) seeking recognition
(iv) getting punished

Graffiti's potency lies in its subversive, guerrilla nature. Unlike wall art, which is typically organized and sanctioned, graffiti thrives on immediacy, spontaneity, and the risk of persecution. Where wall art may take time and care, graffiti is often quick, requiring speed and anonymity due to the threat of detection. Its purpose is to challenge power, counter surveillance, and inscribe messages that are otherwise censored or suppressed. The July uprising brought new dimensions to this medium of dissent. Spray-painted slogans defied erasure, embodying collective rage and revolutionary solidarity. Demands like "Ek dofa ek dabi, shoirachar tui kobe jabi?" surfaced as cries for justice, echoing the French philosopher Jacques Derrida's assertion that "What cannot be said, must not be silenced but written." A strong sense of inclusivity was also reflected in the wall art and graffiti during and after the July uprising, which highlighted the case of the marginalized and minoritized people in multiple instances. Numerous graffiti and wall art pieces not only called for justice but also carried a broader message of liberation, "Not a land of one nation, Bangladesh is a land of many communities" symbolizing the interconnected struggles of all communities. It underscored the message i.e. our collective liberation is intertwined, with the fight for justice uniting people across regions and backgrounds. The true power of graffiti lies in its resilience; it persists as a medium for revolutionary memory and collective consciousness. It speaks for those silenced, ensures the struggles of the marginalized endure, and, as Banksy's words suggest, comforts the disturbed while disturbing the comfortable.

2.

Answer the following questions in your own words :

(a) Why is graffiti called a subversive art form?

(b) Why is speed important in graffiti creation?

(c) How does graffiti resist censorship?

(d) Why is graffiti important for marginalized communities?

(e) Why is graffiti considered resilient?

There are various demographic factors that may contribute to loneliness. Although Dr. Vasan notes that anyone can feel lonely at any time in their life, a few groups that stand out as having an increased risk of loneliness include "young adults, mothers with young children and the elderly." Immigrants are also at higher risk for loneliness, continues Dr. Vasan. You may experience loneliness for a variety of reasons, but it can often stem from a major life change. A 2020 study by the University of Edinburgh suggests that the causes of loneliness differ depending on the age of the individual. For example, older adults experience loneliness more frequently as a result of living alone, while middle-aged individuals aren't as likely to report living alone as a cause of their loneliness.

This discrepancy between what causes loneliness in older adults versus those who are middle-aged could be due to the fact that older adults have retired and no longer have the community and daily interactions of work life, explains Nikki Press, Psy. D. a clinical psychologist in New York City. Older individuals are more likely to have lost friends and family members, and they are more likely to experience medical or physical limitations that restrict their opportunities for activities and socialising; continues Dr. Press.

3.

Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks with appropriate words.

There are a (a) ______ of demographic factors which are (b) ______ responsible for loneliness. According to Dr. Vasan, young adults, mothers with young children and the elderly are prone (c) ______ loneliness which may emanate (d) ______ a significant change in life. However, aged people are likely to be (e) ______ than other age groups.

Yuri Gagarin was a Russian pilot and astronaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space. He on his spacecraft Vostok completed an orbit of the earth on 12 April, 1961. Yuri Gagarin was born in the village of Klushino, Russia on March 9, 1934. His parents worked on a farm. He was the third of four children. In 1946, Gagarin completed his secondary education at Klushino. At the age of 16, in 1950, he entered a foundry steel factory near Moscow. He did his graduation from a vocational school in 1951. Then he took a training as Soviet Air Cadet at a local club where he learned to fly at first. He again graduated from a technical school in 1955 and he was recruited in the Soviet Army. He became a Lieutenant in the Soviet Air Force in 1957. In 1960, Yuri was selected for Soviet space programme. On 12 April, 1961, he became the first human to travel into space and move round the earth. He died in 1968 in plane crash.

4.

Complete the grid below with appropriate information.

Events	Year	Place	Achievement
Born	(i) ______	in Klushino village, Russia
(ii) ______	in 1946	at Klushino
Took his bachelor degree	(iii) ______	from a vocational school
	in 1961		(iv) ______
(v) ______	in 1968

Rajuk Uttara Model College, Dhaka 2026

Unlock Rajuk Uttara Model College, Dhaka 2026